?Introductionto Biofouling refers to biological pollution caused by the partial deposition of various aquatic organisms (microorganisms, plants, algae and animals) under the ship, which may lead to the invasion of foreign aquatic species into the local Marine environment. Even a small or slight amount of hull fouling can increase the drag on the hull and propeller in the water, which in turn affects fuel consumption (cost) and gas emissions. Therefore, in many cases, hull cleaning management can be regarded as an effective measure to improve ship performance and fuel efficiency.
